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14 February 2026

Top ESG Risks for Indian Companies in 2025


ESG risk management has moved from a voluntary exercise to a board-level priority. For Indian companies — especially those with global supply chains, listed status, or foreign investors — understanding and disclosing ESG risks is now essential.


1. Water Stress and Resource Scarcity


India is one of the most water-stressed countries in the world. For manufacturing, pharma, and agribusiness companies, water risk is both an operational and reputational issue.


- Measure water withdrawal, consumption, and discharge at the facility level

- Identify sites in high water-stress zones using tools like the WRI Aqueduct

- Set reduction targets and invest in recycling and rainwater harvesting


2. Supply Chain Emissions (Scope 3)


As global customers and investors demand Scope 3 disclosures, Indian companies face growing pressure to account for emissions across their entire value chain.


- Engage key suppliers on emissions data collection

- Prioritise high-spend, high-emission categories

- Consider supplier ESG assessments as part of procurement


3. Regulatory Non-Compliance (BRSR and Beyond)


SEBI's BRSR mandate is expanding in scope and rigour. Companies that treat it as a compliance checkbox risk material gaps when deeper assurance is required.


- Build data collection systems that go beyond minimum disclosure

- Prepare for BRSR Core and third-party assurance requirements

- Stay updated on SEBI circulars and NGRBC guidance


4. Climate Physical Risks


Extreme weather events — floods, heat waves, cyclones — are increasing in frequency and severity across India. Physical climate risk affects assets, supply chains, and workforce.


- Conduct a climate risk scenario analysis aligned with TCFD

- Identify vulnerable assets and operations

- Build adaptation measures into capital planning


5. Social and Labour Risks


Labour conditions, gender equity, and community relations are under increasing scrutiny — from both investors and the BRSR framework itself.


- Track and disclose workforce diversity metrics

- Audit contract labour and supply chain labour standards

- Engage communities in areas where operations have significant impact


6. Governance and Anti-Corruption


Weak ESG governance — including board oversight and whistleblower mechanisms — is a red flag for institutional investors and rating agencies.


- Establish a board-level ESG committee or assign oversight to an existing committee

- Implement and communicate a clear anti-corruption policy

- Ensure ESG disclosures are reviewed and approved at the board level




Want to assess your company's ESG risk exposure? [Get in touch](/contact) for a structured risk assessment.


Vivek Asthana

Founder, Vedannt EHS Advvisors